Abstract

Full duplex communication systems allow a single channel to be used for simultaneous two-way communication, increasing spectral efficiency. However, full duplex communication systems suffer from the issue of self-interference between local transmitter and receiver antennas. Analog subtraction and signal processing methods have previously been used to reduce this problem. This dissertation proposes the use of waves carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) to mitigate the problem of self-interference by offering a means of additional isolation between local antennas.

Orbital angular momentum has been widely studied both in the photonics and radio domain. The theoretically infinite orthogonal states of an OAM signal make it highly desirable in the field of communication. The application of OAM in a full duplex system, may be the answer to the problem of self-interference. This dissertation shows how the use of OAM waves may create an additional isolation between local antennas in a full duplex system. Motivated by the promise that OAM orthogonality holds, this dissertation explores the crosstalk reduction achieved through OAM. One of the main contributions of this dissertation is to provide insight into the nature of the effect. It motivates OAM orthogonality as a direction of research for use in future full duplex systems.

The effect of OAM on crosstalk must be studied experimentally and theoretically. To this effect, a patch array antenna was designed using the High Frequency Simulation Software (HFSS), to generate OAM beams. The designed antennas are fabricated and characterized. This dissertation discusses the experiments carried out to determine the amount of crosstalk reduction achieved due to the OAM nature of the signal transmitted. The impact of the change in distance between the local transmitter and receiver antennas on crosstalk is also studied. The results obtained are verified through theoretical analysis using simulations in HFSS. This dissertation reports a maximum theoretical crosstalk reduction of 3.6dB, and a crosstalk reduction of 2.6 dB realized experimentally.

Building on these results, a compact, more practical antenna configuration was designed. This nested design yields more than 60dB crosstalk reduction and provides for a more elegant system realization. The dissertation includes the design of a parabolic dish antenna to build a complete system, which is also studied in this dissertation.

The symmetry of the nested antenna configuration allows for analytic theoretical study which is included herein. The study mathematically proves the orthogonality of OAM modes, and the isolation between two antennas with different OAM modes. A similar study is simulated in HFSS using coaxial based loop antennas, and the crosstalk in the nested design is investigated. The design offers a crosstalk isolation of more than 90dB, and further affirms the mathematical analysis.

This dissertation provides a detailed analysis of the isolation offered by OAM orthogonality in local antennas which can be useful in a full duplex system. The work consists of practical, simulated, and mathematical investigation, and considers various antenna configurations and designs. Additionally, it presents and analyses a design for a full duplex system.

Degree Date

Fall 12-17-2022

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Ph.D.

Department

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Advisor

Dr. Duncan MacFarlane

Number of Pages

149

Format

.pdf

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 License

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